Influence of different adhesion strategies on glass fiber post retention.

Background: Failures in glass fiber post (GFP) retention may be associated with low adhesion achieved in root dentin. Material and Methods: 55 single-rooted premolars were endodontically treated and distributed according to different adhesion strategies (n=11): G1: RelyX ARC (3M ESPE; etch-rinse strategy); G2: Relyx Ultimate (3M ESPE; etch-rinse strategy); G3: AllCem (FGM; etch-rinse strategy); G4: Relyx Ultimate (3M ESPE; self-etching strategy); G5: RelyX U200 (3M ESPE; self-adhesive strategy). For Bonding Strength (BS) analysis, the roots were sectioned in slices (1.0mm thickness) corresponding to each root third and submitted to push-out test. The type of failure was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The highest BS averages were found in G2 and G3. However, in the middle and apical root thirds, G3 showed statistically similar results to G4 and G5. In the cervical and middle third, G1 was statistically similar to G4 and G5. The mixed type of failure was the most common in all groups. Conclusions: Self-etching (G4) and self-adhesive resin (G5) cements, showed similar BS results of immediate bonding in the cementation of GFP compared to conventional resin cements (G1, G2, G3). Key words:Dental Cements, Dentin-Bonding Agents, Post and Core Technique, Dental Bonding.

Evaluation of different composite resin finishing and polishing protocols by confocal laser scan microscopy

Aim This study aimed to analyze the influence of finishing and polishing (F/P) protocols on resin surface through roughness (Ra) values and laser scan microscopy observations. Methods Forty-eight (n=48) resin specimens were sorted into four groups (n=12), according to the type of resin used: Filtek Z250 (Z250), Filtek Z350 (Z350), Filtek One Bulk Fill (BF), Filtek P60 (P60). The specimens were sorted into six groups according to the type of F/P system used (n=2/group): Control group, Diamond bur (KG Sorensen), Soflex Pop-On Discs (3M ESPE), Soflex Spiral (3M ESPE), Dura Gloss (American Burs), and Praxis (TDV). Results The highest roughness values (Ra) were attributed to BF group for all F/P systems, except for the Soft-Lex PopOn discs. The Soft-Lex PopOn, Spiral, and Praxis discs presented a better performance for the surface treatment of the tested composite resins. Regardless of the restorative material, the use of diamond bur or single-step abrasive rubber (Dura Gloss) were associated with the highest Ra values. Conclusion The effect of F/P systems on Ra is material-dependent and instrument or system-dependent.

Dental Whitening: Self-Referred Needs versus Professional Indication

Abstract Objective: To analyze the self-reported need of patients compared to professional indications for tooth whitening. Material and Methods: Initially, 58 undergraduate students responded to a form that highlighted the question: "Do you think you need to have your teeth whitened?" Among those who answered positively to the previous question, ten individuals were photographed with their smiles. In addition, they were asked to point out, on the Vita 3D-Master scale, which color they believed their teeth had, a value that was compared to the actual color obtained by a spectrophotometer. Finally, the photographs were presented to dentists, who were asked about the indication or not of the whitening treatment. Results: Most interviewees (63.8%) self-reported the need for whitening, as well as there was a greater incidence of a positive indication among professionals (53.9%). Pearson's Chi-square test revealed a relationship between patient gender and the training course on the desire to have teeth whitened. Among the professionals, the specialty, as well as time since graduation, interfered in the indication for whitening. Conclusion: Professionals and patients share the aesthetic ideal directly related to light teeth; most patients self-perceive the color of their teeth darker than it actually is; the opinion about the color of the teeth has an extremely subjective character and varies greatly from one professional to another (AU).

Color stability of Bulk-Fill composite restorations.

BACKGROUND: The color stability of the composite resin is an important property that influences its clinical longevity, which remains an inherent challenge to the material. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the color stability of bulk-fill resins when exposed to dye. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cavities were prepared in 80 bovine incisors, which were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 20) according with the resin composite used: P60 (Control Group - Filtek P60, 3M/ESPE), FP (Filtek Bulk-Fill Posterior, 3M/ESPE), SDR (SDR, Dentsply) and FF (Filtek Bulk Fill Flow, 3M/ESPE). All restorations were performed according to the protocol of each manufacturer, the control group was restored using the incremental technique, and the other groups using single-increment technique. The color of each restoration was measured using a portable digital spectrophotometer (Easyshade-Vita) according to the CIELab system, and then the teeth were submerged in red wine for 07 days, kept in a biological oven at 37ºC. New color registration was performed to measure the ΔE index of color variation. RESULTS: The P60 group had the lowest average ΔE (16.96), while the FF group had the highest average (28.09) and ranged from 21.19 to 26.28 in the FP and SDR groups. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of the color variation showed that the control group had better color stability than the Bulk-Fill resins evaluated. Key words:Dental restoration failure, Food coloring agents, polymerization.

Evaluation of marginal sealing quality of restorations with low shrinkage composite resins.

BACKGROUND: This study compared the quality of marginal sealing in the gingival wall of class II preparations of two low-shirinkage resins of the bulk fill type with a conventional resin isolated or associated with a glass ionomer cement (GIC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 40 human molars were divided into 4 groups and 80 occlusal-mesial and occlusal-distal restorations were performed with the following materials: SureFil SDR flow, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior, Z250 resins and Riva Light Cure GIC. 40 restorations were evaluated in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Elemental Microanalysis Spectrometry (EDS) initially and the remainder after a period of 6 months of aging in a 37 ± 5°C oven. An average of the silver penetration at each restoration was obtained in the two evaluations and the results were statistically analyzed in a descriptive and inferential way, through the paired t-Student and one-way ANOVA F-test. RESULTS: There were no significant statistical differences between the materials with respect to silver nanoinfiltration, except for the Bulk Fill Posterior/3M ESPE resin compared to the GIC and conventional resin in the final evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: The low shrinkage resins showed a similar behavior in relation to the marginal sealing quality observed in the GIC or composite resin with the incremental technique, also presenting the advantage of simplicity in the technique of confection of the restorations and reduction of the time of work. Key words:Resin composites, Bulk fill, dental restorations, marginal quality, adhesion.

The influence of violet LED light on tooth bleaching protocols: In vitro study of bleaching effectiveness.

BACKGROUND: Employing violet LED on tooth bleaching is a recent but promising technique. This study aimed to assess the bleaching effectiveness of violet light-emitting diodes (LEDs) associated or not with bleaching gels containing hydrogen peroxide (HP) or carbamide peroxide (CP). METHODS: seventy bovine incisors were randomly assigned into 7 groups (n = 10) according to the technique and whitening product used. Group C: Artificial saliva (placebo); Group HP L-: three sessions of HP at 35 % without light activation; Group CP L-: three weeks of CP at 16 % for 4 h/day; Group HP CP L-: three sessions of HP at 35 % without light activation + 2 weeks of CP at 16 %, for 4 h/day; Group LED: four sessions with violet LED; Group HP L+: three sessions with HP at 35 % + violet LED; Group CP L+: three weeks with CP at 16 % for 4 h/day + violet LED. Color changes (ΔE and ΔL) were measured with a portable digital spectrophotometer. RESULTS: The results were similar between the groups of bleaching protocols, demonstrating that the use of the violet LED did not influence bleaching effectiveness when using HP 35 % or CP 16 % after 3 sessions. In addition, the use of the violet LED alone obtained ΔE values ​​similar to the protocols with the use of peroxides, however less variation of ΔL was observed for this group. CONCLUSIONS: The use of violet LEDs associated or not with bleaching gels was effective for tooth whitening. In addition, it was also concluded that the physical lightening technique with violet LED used alone produced less variation in dental brightness.

Influence of different thermopolymerization methods on composite resin microhardness.

BACKGROUND: Additional heat polymerization in composite resins allows greater effective-ness of microhardness, flexural strength, fracture tough-ness, wear resistance, and increased color stability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 150 composite resin specimens were made using a 4 mm diameter and 2 mm thick bipartite steel matrix. Five resins composed of different compositions were tested (Brilliant Everglow/Coltene, Filtek One BulkFill/3M, Filtek P60/3M, Filtek Z350XT/3M, Filtek Z250XT/3M), and for each of them three types of polymerization were tested: light curing only (n=50); photopolymerization + autoclave thermopolymerization (n=50) and photopolymerization + microwave thermopolymerization (n=50). Each specimen was submitted to three indentations by means of the Vickers microhardness test, applying a load of 300gf, associated with the time of 15s. Data were analyzed descriptively by means of statistics, standard deviation and coefficient of variation and inferentially by the F test (ANOVA) in the comparison between groups. The margin of error used in statistical test decisions was 5%. RESULTS: The highest vicker microhardness averages were from the Control group (light curing only) on P60 (82.16) and Z250 XT (79.61) resins. The lowest averages were all verified on Brilliant Everglow resin in all polymerization methods studied: Photopolymerization (37.32), with microwave (43.80) and autoclave (45.12), followed by Bulk Fill 3M resin, ranged from 52.23 to 59.15. CONCLUSIONS: Both autoclave and microwave thermopolymerization methods showed similar behavior on the microhardness of the composites studied. Considering the resin type, there was a varied behavior compared to thermopolymerization, which increased the microhardness values for Brilliant Everglow resins (Coltene) and Filtek One Bulkfill (3M) and decreased for Filtek P60, Filtek Z350XT and Filtek Z250XT resins. Key words:Dentistry, composite resins, polymerization.

Does comsumption of staining drinks compromise the result of tooth whitening?

BACKGROUND: After dental bleaching procedures dentists commonly advise patients to reduce the consumption of beverages that may cause the teeth to stain, however, the effectiveness of teeth whitening may not be directly affected by diet. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was evaluated through in vitro study whether contact with dyes through in-office bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide would influence the effectiveness of treatment. Sixty bovine incisors were randomly assigned into 5 groups (n = 12) according to contact frequency and type of dye solutions. All dental elements received three in-office bleaching sessions with 35% hydrogen peroxide one week apart. Except for GCTRL (control), all experimental groups were submerged in dyes (coffee or wine) for 5 min once a day. In groups GC24 and GW24 contact with the dyes was made from 24 hours after each bleaching session, while in groups GC72 and GW72, from 72 hours. The color was measured with a digital spectrophotometer. Data were expressed as statistics: mean and standard deviation. RESULTS: Contact with dyes during in-office bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide did not influence the staining averages after three bleaching sessions. The speed of the whitening effect was influenced by contact with coffee from 24 hours after the sessions and with wine from 24 hours and 72 hours after the whitening session. The whitening result was reversed after one week for all groups, especially for groups that came in contact with red wine either 24 hours or 72 hours after session and coffee after 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Contact with dyes during in-office bleaching treatment did not influence the final staining averages after three bleaching sessions although there was influence on speed of the whitening effect between the sessions. Key words:Tooth bleaching, hydrogen peroxide, spectrophotometry.

In vivo optical coherence tomographic imaging to monitor gingival recovery and the adhesive interface in aesthetic oral rehabilitation: A case report.

The available methods for veneer evaluation are limited to clinical and radiographic examinations, which may not allow the appropriate identification of failure. In this report, we demonstrate the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a noninvasive diagnostic and follow-up method to evaluate gingival recovery and the adhesive interface in aesthetic oral rehabilitation involving periodontal plastic surgery and ceramic laminate veneers. OCT was efficient for evaluating both soft and hard tissues, as well as the quality of the adhesive interface. In conclusion, OCT was found to be a promising approach for the professional evaluation of aesthetic oral rehabilitation, as it was capable of generating images that enabled the analysis of gingival recovery and the adhesive interface.

Restorations with Bulk Fill restorative system: case report / Restaurações com sistema restaurador Bulk Fill: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Bulk Fill Composite resins are restorative materials that present low tension and polymerization shrinkage, allowing them to be inserted in a single increment of up to 4 mm of thickness, in a restorative cavity. This paper aims to report a clinical case of restorations done on posterior teeth with Bulk Fill restorative system, using selective acid-etching with self-etch adhesive system. Patient, male, 24 years old, presented a carious lesion on the occlusal surface of dental element 37 and an occlusal unsatisfactory amalgam restoration, on element 36. A restorative treatment with Universal Bond 3M / ESPE and bulk fill composite resin (3M / ESPE) was done. According to the case described, it was possible to observe that the materials and techniques used restored the form and function of the teeth involved, preserving pulp vitality with a satisfactory aesthetic result. The bulk fill resins employed offer practicality and decrease clinical time, with satisfactory clinical applicability in the aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of posterior teeth.

RESUMO Resinas compostas do tipo Bulk fill constituem um material restaurador que apresenta baixas tensão e contração de polimerização, podendo ser inserido em incremento único, de até 4mm de espessura, numa cavidade. Este trabalho objetiva relatar um caso clínico de restaurações em dentes posteriores com o sistema restaurador Bulk fill, empregando o condicionamento ácido seletivo com sistema adesivo autocondicionante de emprego universal. Paciente, sexo masculino, 24 anos, apresentava lesão de cárie na face oclusal do elemento dentário 37 e restauração oclusal de amálgama insatisfatória, no elemento 36. Sendo proposto e realizado tratamento restaurador com Single Bond Universal 3M/ESPE e resina composta bulk fill (3M/ESPE). De acordo com o caso descrito, foi possível observar que os materiais e técnica empregados restituíram forma e função dos dentes envolvidos, preservando a vitalidade pulpar com estética considerada satisfatória. As resinas bulk fill empregadas oferecem praticidade e diminuição do tempo clínico, tendo aplicabilidade clínica satisfatória na reabilitação estética e funcional de dentes posteriores.

Perfil dos egressos do Curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco / Profile of dentists graduate from the Federal University of Pernambuco

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil de egressos do curso de graduação em Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, formados no modelo curricular vigente até o ano de 2009, denominado 6404. Uma amostra de conveniência de 233 cirurgiões-dentistas graduados de 2003 a 2008 foi entrevistada individualmente com uso de formulário específico. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados e submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial (teste chi-quadrado Pearson ou teste Exato de Fisher) (α=5%). Verificou-se que 30,9% dos egressos atuavam somente como profissionais liberais, 15% apenas em cargo público e que 40,8% associavam o exercício liberal à docência, cargo público e/ou empresa privada. O grau de satisfação com a profissão mostrou-se diretamente relacionado à renda e não aos conhecimentos adquiridos. A renda foi influenciada pelo tipo de exercício profissional. Concluiu-se que os egressos possuem o perfil de um profissional preocupado com a educação continuada e que geralmente associa a atividade liberal a outro exercício laboral no âmbito da Odontologia. Este profissional, à medida em que apresenta mais tempo de formado, melhora sua renda mensal, mas exibe menor confiança na melhora do mercado de trabalho (AU).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of dentists that graduated from the Federal University of Pernambuco, who graduated during the curricular model that was in force until 2009, called 6404. A convenience sample consisted of 233 dentists who graduated from 2003 to 2008 were individually interviewed using a specially-designed questionnaire for data collection. Data were tabulated and subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (Pearson's chi-squared test or Fisher exact test) (α = 5%). It was found that 30.9% of the dentists were self-employed, 15% worked only in public service and 40.8% combined being selfemployed with teaching, and public service or private practice. The degree of satisfaction with the profession was directly related to income and not to the acquired knowledge. The income was influenced by the type of professional activity. It was concluded that the dentists were concerned about continuing education and generally combine being self-employed with another type of work in the dentistry setting. The longer the time that has passed since graduation, the better the monthly income for these professionals, but they have less confidence that the labor market will improve (AU).

Onlay com resina composta direta: Relato de caso Clínico / Onlay with direct composite resin: a case report

Com o crescente apelo estético da sociedade, um dos principais procedimentos realizados pelos cirurgiões-dentistas consiste na troca de restaurações de amálgama de prata, de elementos posteriores, por materiais que agreguem resistência mecânica e propriedades ópticas semelhantes à estrutura dental sadia. Para reabilitar elementos dentais extensamente comprometidos, muitas vezes necessitamos indicar procedimentos indiretos, e, para isso, dispomos de cerômeros e cerâmicas, embora tal alternativa não se apresente viável para a grande parcela da população, tendo em vista ser de alto custo. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo abordar a utilização de resinas compostas como alternativa para a confecção de restauração do tipo onlay por meio de uma breve revisão de literatura e de um relato de um caso clínico realizado na Clínica de Dentística 2 da UFPE.

With the society's increasing aesthetic appeal, the amalgam restoration changes from posterior teeth with materials that add strength and optical properties similar to the healthy tooth structure has been one of the most performed procedures by dentists. To rehabilitate dental elements widely compromised, we often need to indicate indirect procedures, and, for that kind of necessity, we have ceromers and ceramics. However, because of its high cost, this alternative is not viable for most people. The aim of this study is to address the use of composite resins as an alternative to these onlay restorations, through a brief literature review and clinical case report at the Clinic of Dentistry 2, UFPE.

Perfil dos discentes ingressos do Centro de Ciências da Saúde UFPE / Profile of enrolled students at the Center for Health Sciences at UFPE

A busca pelo conhecimento das características e da opinião dos estudantes do nível superior fornece importantes subsídios para o planejamento e reorganização do desenvolvimento acadêmico. Com o objetivo de traçar o perfil do aluno do Centro de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), foram distribuídos formulários aos acadêmicos do 2º período, contendo perguntas referentes aos seus aspectos socioeconômicos e pessoais. O perfil dos estudantes (n = 210) caracterizou-se por um predomínio feminino, com idades entre 19 e 21 anos, provenientes de escolas privadas e classes sociais economicamente mais favorecidas, que receberam grande influência do núcleo familiar na escolha da profissão. A maioria dos estudantes não estava matriculada nos cursos de primeira opção, porém possuía alta expectativa com relação ao curso, considerando-o correspondente às suas expectativas. Após formados pretendem realizar algum curso de pós-graduação e trabalhar no serviço público. No entanto, persiste um problema relativo à escolha da profissão, regulada pela condição socioeconômica e influência familiar.

Carrying out surveys that attempt to understand the characteristics and opinions of students at university level may provide important information for planning and reorganizing academic development. In order to profile the students of the Center for Health Sciences, at the Federal University of Pernambuco, questionnaires were distributed to the academics in the second term of the course, containing questions regarding their socio-economic and personal aspects. The profile of students (n = 210) was characterized by a predominance of females, aged between 19 and 21 years, who had been to private schools, were from the most economically advantaged social classes, and had been greatly influenced by their family regarding career choice. Most students were not enrolled in the courses they had chosen as their first option, but had high expectations about the course, and considered that the course met their expectations. After finishing the course, most students intend to take a postgraduate course and work in public service. One problem that remains concerning the choice of the profession, is that it might be determined by socio-economic status and family influence.

A importância da luz no clareamento dental / The importance of light in dental bleaching

O clareamento dental é um dos procedimentos estéticos mais solicitados atualmente. As técnicas de clareamento para dentes vitais são: o clareamento supervisionado (caseiro); e o clareamento de consultório, cuja técnica associa ou não o uso de fonte de luz com um gel mais concentrado. A ativação, utilizando fontes de luz, do peróxido de hidrogênio na técnica do consultório pode ser realizada através de aparelhos emissores de LED (Laser Emiting Diode), sistemas híbridos LED/Laser, laser, luz halógena ou arco de plasma. Este tema é bastante controverso na atualidade, portanto é importante que o profissional saiba identificar os efeitos que a utilização de uma fonte de luz auxiliar pode causar tanto sobre o gel clareador quanto sobre a estrutura dental. Neste trabalho foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados da LILACS, Google Acadêmico, SciELO, PubMed e MEDLINE sobre o emprego e a indicação das fontes luminosas, que são bastante utilizadas no clareamento de consultório. Essa técnica popularizou-se graças aos excelentes resultados alcançados, maior segurança e controle por parte do profissional, entretanto devemos ter cuidado para não gerar calor durante a aplicação destas fontes de luz

The dental bleaching is one of the most currently requested aesthetic procedures in dentistry. The techniques for bleaching vital teeth are: at home bleaching and in-office whitening, which procedure associates or not to the use of light source with a more concentrated gel. The hydrogen peroxide activation using light sources at in-office method may be conducted by the LED (Laser Diode Emiting), hybrid systems LED / Laser, laser, halogen lamp or plasma arc. This topic is very controversial nowadays, so it is important that professionals learn to identify the effects that the use of a light source may assist both the bleaching gel and the tooth structure. In this study, It was conducted a review of current literature in databases from LILACS, Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed and MEDLINE about the use and indication of light sources, which are much used in the in-office bleaching

Influência do cimento resinoso sobre a adesão de pinos intrarradiculares estéticos / Influence of resin cement on adhesion of aesthetic root posts

Introdução: O objetivo desde trabalho é avaliar a influência do tipo de agente de união e da dentina radicular (1/3 cervical; médio e apical) sobre a cimentação adesiva de pinos estéticosde fibra de vidro. Métodos - Foram utilizadas 27 raízes de dentes humanos, divididas em 03 grupos de acordo com o agente cimentante: G1- RelyX Unicem(3M / ESPE); G2- RelyXARC(3M / ESPE) + Adper Single Bond 2(3M / ESPE); G3- Cement-Post(Angelus) + AdperSingle Bond 2(3M / ESPE). Após a cimentação, as raízes foram seccionadas transversalmente em três discos (1,0 ± 0,2 mm de espessura) e submetidos a ensaio “push out”. Resultados - Os valores médios de tensão de retenção em mega pascal (MPa) foram: G1: 1/3 cervical- 7,6;1/3 médio-8,9; 1/3 apical-11,1; G2: 1/3 cervical-2,4; 1/3 médio-3,8; 1/3 apical-7,4; G3: 1/3cervical-3,3; 1/3 médio-3,2; 1/3 apical-7,8. O teste de Kruskal-Walis (α=0,05) evidenciou queapesar do G1 (RelyX Unicem - 3M / ESPE) ter apresentado maiores valores de retenção nos três terços radiculares, esta superioridade só foi estatisticamente significante nos terços cervicale médio; os valores de retenção dos Grupos 2 e 3 não foram diferentes estatisticamente entre si.Conclusão - O cimento autoadesivo RelyX Unicem (3M / ESPE) apresentou os maiores valores de resistência adesiva, com diferença estatisticamente significativa nos terços cervical e médio.

Introduction: The objective of this article is to evaluate the influence of the cement type and root dentin (1/3 cervical; medium; apical) on the adhesive cementation of glass fiber aesthetic posts. Methods - They were used 27 roots from human teeth, divided in three groups according the cement agent: G1- RelyX Unicem, 3M / ESPE; G2- RelyX ARC, 3M / ESPE + Adper SingleBond 2, 3M / ESPE; G3- Cement-Post, Ângelus + Adper Single Bond 2, 3M / ESPE. After cementation, the root were cross sectioned in three discs (1,0 ± 0,2 mm high) and submitted topush-out test. Results - Mean values of tension (MPa) of retention were: G1 cervical 1/3: 7,6;medium 1/3: 8,9; apical 1/3 11,1; G2 cervical 1/3: 2,4; medium1/3 3,8; apical 1/3: 7,4; G3cervical 1/3: 3,3; medium1/3: 3,2; apical 1/3 7,8. Kruskall-Walis Test (α=0,05) showed thatalthough G1(RelyX Unicem - 3M / ESPE) had presented higher values of retention at the three root thirds, this superiority was statistically significant only in cervical and medium thirds;the values of retention in Goups 2 and 3 didn´t were statistically different between each other.Conclusion - The self-adhesive cement RelyX Unicem (3M / ESPE) presented the highest valuesof adhesive strength, with statistically differences at cervical and medium thirds.

Hipersensibilidade Dentinária / Dentin Hypersensitivity

A hipersensibilidade dentinária é definida como uma resposta dolorosa curta e aguda, a diferentes estímuos que normalmente não causariam dor em um dente sadio. Possuietiologia multifatorial, porém, se instala principalmente quando a dentina localizada na região cervical do dente fica exposta ao meio bucal. Atualmente, para o tratamento da hipersensibilidade dentinária, são utilizadas substancias que promovem a oclusão dos canalículos dentinários expostos ou que atuam diretamente nas terminações nervosas intrapulpares evitando a despolarização da membrana axonial. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo revisar a literatura sobre o tema com enfoque clínico voltado para a tomada de decisão terapêutica.

The dentin hypersensitivity is defined as a brief and acute pain response to different stimuli that normally would not cause pain in a sound tooth. It has a multifactorial etiology; however, it specially occurs when the dentin at the cervical region of the tooth is exposed to the oral environment. Currently, many substances are being used to promote occlusion of the exposed dentinal canaliculi or that act directly on the intra pulpar nerve endings avoiding depolarization of the membrane axonial. Thus, this study aims to review the literature on the subject and foccus toward clinical decision-making.

Dentística ultraconservadora: métodos alternativos de preparos cavitários / Ultraconservative dentistry: alternative methods of cavities preparations

A atual filosofia odontológica de máxima preservação e mínima intervenção tem aumentado o interesse por métodos de preparos cavitários ultraconservadores. Técnicas convencionais que utilizam instrumentos rotatórios muitas vezes provocam desconforto, uma vez que geram calor, pressão, vibração e ruído. Esse fato motiva a sua substituição ou associação a procedimentos como instrumentação ultrassônica, laser de alta potência, microabrasão a ar e soluções químicas, os quais são mais confortáveis para os pacientes, porque reduzem a necessidade de anestesia e preservam maior quantidade de estrutura dentária sadia. Esta revisão de literatura aborda métodos alternativos para a confecção de preparos cavitários em dentística, destacando vantagens e desvantagens, com ênfase nos métodos que empregam as soluções químicas. Foi possível concluir que, segundo o estágio técnico-científico atual, as soluções químicas se destacam por proporcionarem maior conforto ao paciente, além de promoverem seletividade na remoção de tecido dental infectado e não interferirem na qualidade adesiva das restaurações.

The current philosophy of maximum preserving and minimum intervention has increased the interest in methods of ultraconservations cavities preparations. Conventional techniques that use rotary instruments often cause discomfort as they generate heat, pressure, vibrationand noise. This fact that motivates the substitution or association with the procedures ultrasonic instrumentation,high-power laser, micro air-abrasion and chemical solutions, which are more comfortable for patients because it reduces the need for anesthesia and preserve greater quantity of healthy tooth structure. This review of literature will address alternative methods to make cavities preparations in Dentistry, high lighting advantages and disadvantages, with emphasis on methods that employ chemical solutions. It was possible to conclude that, according to the techno-scientific current stage, the chemical solutions are distinguished by providing greater comfort to the patient as well as promoting selectivity in the removal of infected tissue dental and not interfere with the quality of adhesive restorations.

Aplicação clínica dos adesivos autocondicionantes / Clinical application of autocondicionantes adhesives

O sistema adesivo autocondicionante é, atualmente, utilizado em diversas situações dentro da Odontologia devido à sua eficácia inquestionável, relacionada tanto à sua boa resistência de união quanto ao seu modo de utilização, necessários a todos os procedimentos restauradores. Diantedas suas indicações, as restaurações em dentes posteriores caracterizam-se como uma das mais importantes relacionadas a essa atual tecnologia. É bem sabido que o estabelecimento de um correto diagnóstico e planejamento, bem como o conhecimento dos materiais que serão utilizados, são etapas fundamentais para o sucesso do tratamento. E, o uso do sistema adesivo autocondicionantes além de garantir as vantagens alcançadas pelos sistemas convencionais, permitindo menor desgaste de estrutura dental e minimizando os efeitos da contração de polimerização e, consequentemente infiltração marginal. também garante vantagens como uniformidade no padrão da superfície condicionada e diminuição do seu tempo de aplicação o que, leva a diminuição do tempo clínico do tratamento, aumentando o conforto do paciente.Assim, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de discutir as possíveis vantagens e limitações da utilização de sistema adesivos autocondicionantes, de acordo com as possibilidades atualmente disponíveis para o restabelecimento da saúde e estética dos elementos dentais, conhecendo melhor estes materiais e suas aplicações dentro da Dentística.

The self-etch adhesive system use is, currently, enclose in a diversity of situations inside Dentistry because of its unquestioned effectivenes related both to their good resistance to union about its mode of use, necessary to all restorative procedures. Ahead of your indications, the restoration in posterior teeth are frequently appearing like one of the most important option for use of this actual technology. Well, it is known that the establishments of a correct diagnosis and planning, as well as the knowledge of the materials that will be used, are basic stages for the success of the treatment. And, the use of the self-etch adhesive system beyond guaranteeing the advantages reached for the conventional systems, allowing less wastage of the dental structure and minimizing the polymerization contraction effect and, consequently marginal infiltration, also guarantees advantages as uniformity in the pattern of conditional surface and reduction of its time of application, which leads to reduction in the time of clinical treatment, increasing the comfort of the patient. So, this work has the objective to discuss the possible advantages and limitations of the self-etch adhesive systems uses, agreeing with the currently available possibilities for the reestablishment of the health and dental elements aesthetic, better knowing these materials and its applications inside of the Dentistry.

Aplicação clínica das resinas de nanotecnologia / Nanotechnology resins clinical application

A aparência do sorriso tem grande impacto na vida dos indivíduos, afetando desde o convívio social até relações profissionais. Assim a Odontologia Estética, com o passar do tempo, tem evoluído em busca de materiais e técnicas restauradoras que mimetizem o aspecto natural dos elementos dentários. Um dos saltos qualitativos foi conseguido com o emprego da nanotecnologia aos compósitos restauradores que possibilitou o surgimento das resinas com nanopartículas. Atualmente os materiais "nano" vem despontando no mercado, graças ao marketing das partículas nanométricas, relacionando-as com os resultados obtidos em testes laboratoriais. Entretanto será que estes compósitos são a única ou melhor escolha para procedimentos restaraudores estéticos anteriores? O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de abordar o atual estágio das resinas compostas para a realização de restauraçõesestéticas em dentes anteriores, ressaltando o desempenho dos compósitos em pesquisas, bem como a influências destas no restabelecimento morfo-estético-funcional dos elementos anteriores, como também, apresentar um caso clínico de fechamento diastema anterior mediano, onde a técnica restauradora direta foi realizada como alternativa ao tratamento ortodôntico.

The smile appearence has a great impact on people's lives, affecting not only social life but also professional relationships. Therefore the aesthetic dentistry, along the years, has developed a lot through the research for materials and restorative tecchniques that copy the natural aspect of the human teeth. One of the biggest leaps was achieved through the union of nanotechnology and restorative composites, what has made possible the appearing of the nanofil composite resins. Nowadays these new materials have been arising in the dental market, thanks to the nanocomposites, relating them to the results obtained in laboratorial tests. However, will these composites be the best alternative to aesthetic restorative procedures? The aim of this study is to approach the resin's present situation for the achievement of aesthetic restorations in anterior teeth, standig out the composite's performance through researches, as well as the influence they have upon the morpho-aesthetic-functional anterior teeth's re-establishment. Also, in this study we present an anterior diastema closure case report, in which the direct restorative technique was used as an alternative to the orthodontic treatment.

Pemphigus vulgaris: a therapeutic option for disease control.

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune intra-epithelial dermatologic disease that is characterized by epithelial blistering and affected cutaneous and/or mucosal surfaces. The disease is caused by circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies directed against desmosomes. These antibodies interfere with keratinocyte adhesion, causing acantholysis, which results in blister formation. At present, death from pemphigus infection is unusual; however, morbidity and mortality from chronic corticosteroid use remain considerable, indicating a need for additional therapies. This article presents a case of PV in a female patient that was treated with conventional corticosteroid therapy and discusses recent adjuvant therapy.